Journal: Journal of nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Regulating macrophage phenotypes with IL4I1-mimetic nanoparticles in IDD treatment.

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03241-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3 Selection and Expression of Core M-DEGs in the GEO Dataset. Note: (A) LASSO selection plot for M-DEGs; (B) SVM-RFE analysis results for M-DEGs; (C) Results from the Random Forest algorithm for M-DEGs; (D) Venn diagram showing the intersection of results from LASSO, SVM-RFE, and Random For est algorithms; (E) Expression levels of IL4I1 in NP samples from each group (n = 6) in the merged dataset; (F) Pseudo-time gene expression curve of IL4I1 in MΦ subtypes from scRNA-seq data, with time on the x-axis and gene expression level on the y-axis; ** P < 0.01 compared between the two groups

Article Snippet: The concentration of IL4I1 in IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1MNPs was determined using a human IL4I1 EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit (NOVUS, NBP3-06773) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Selection, Expressing, Gene Expression

Journal: Journal of nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Regulating macrophage phenotypes with IL4I1-mimetic nanoparticles in IDD treatment.

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03241-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4 Influence of IL4I1 on M1-M2 Polarization of MΦs. Note: (A) Schematic representation of IL4I1 treatment on MΦ induced M1 or M2 polarization; (B) RT-qPCR analysis of expression of M1 and M2 MΦ marker genes in different groups of MΦ; (C) Representative immunofluorescence images of MΦ in differ ent groups (scale bar = 25 μm), quantification of fluorescence intensities of CD80 and CD86, CD163 and CD206 co-localization; (D) Levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10 in the supernatant of cultured MΦ in each group; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, all experiments were repeated thrice

Article Snippet: The concentration of IL4I1 in IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1MNPs was determined using a human IL4I1 EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit (NOVUS, NBP3-06773) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Marker, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Cell Culture

Journal: Journal of nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Regulating macrophage phenotypes with IL4I1-mimetic nanoparticles in IDD treatment.

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03241-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5 Preparation, characterization, and In Vitro Uptake of IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1-MNPs. Note: (A) Schematic depiction of the preparation process for IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1-MNPs; (B) Representative images of IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1-MNPs using TEM (scale bar = 200 nm); (C-D) DLS analysis of the size and zeta potential of IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1-MNPs; (E) SDS-PAGE protein analysis of cell lysates, MΦCM, IL4I1-NPs, and IL4I1-MNPs; (F) Loading capacity of IL4I1 in IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1-MNPs; (G) The loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of IL4I1 within IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1-MNPs, respectively, with monitoring of encapsulation rates within 72 h at 4 °C; (H) In vitro cumulative release curve of IL4I1 from IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1-MNPs in PBS at 37 °C; (I) Particle size detec tion of IL4I1-MNPs in deionized water, 1×PBS, and 50% FBS over three days; (J) Schematic diagram of the preparation process for DiR-NPs and DiR-MNPs; (K) Flow cytometry analysis of fluorescence intensity of DiR in MΦ after incubation with DiR-NPs and DiR-MNPs for 1, 2, and 4 h; (L) Representative images (scale bar = 15 μm) and quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity of MΦ uptake of DiR-NPs and DiR-MNPs; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, all experiments were conducted in triplicate

Article Snippet: The concentration of IL4I1 in IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1MNPs was determined using a human IL4I1 EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit (NOVUS, NBP3-06773) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: In Vitro, Zeta Potential Analyzer, SDS Page, Encapsulation, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Incubation

Journal: Journal of nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Regulating macrophage phenotypes with IL4I1-mimetic nanoparticles in IDD treatment.

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03241-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6 Impact of IL4I1-MNPs on MΦ Polarization in IDD Mice In Vivo. Note: (A) RT-qPCR analysis of expression of M1 and M2 MΦ marker genes in IVD MΦs of mice in different groups (n = 6); (B) Percentage of M1 MΦs (CD80+CD86+) in IVD MΦs of mice in different groups (n = 6); (C) Percentage of M2 MΦs (CD163+CD206+) in IVD MΦs of mice in different groups (n = 6); (D) ELISA detection of IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10 levels in IVD of mice in different groups (n = 6); * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: The concentration of IL4I1 in IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1MNPs was determined using a human IL4I1 EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit (NOVUS, NBP3-06773) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: In Vivo, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Marker, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Regulating macrophage phenotypes with IL4I1-mimetic nanoparticles in IDD treatment.

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03241-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8 Exploration of the Role of FGR in Regulating MΦ Polarization Balance Mediated by IL4I1-MNPs. Note: (A) Illustration of FGR-OE transfection; (B) RT- qPCR analysis of FGR expression in different groups of MΦ; (C) Schematic representation of MΦ polarization induction post-NC-OE or FGR-OE transfection, followed by treatment with PBS or IL4I1-MNPs; (D) RT-qPCR analysis of expression of M1 and M2 MΦ marker genes in different groups of MΦ; (E) Repre sentative immunofluorescence images of MΦ in different groups (scale bar = 25 μm), quantification of CD80 and CD86, CD163 and CD206 co-localization fluorescence intensity; (F) Levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10 in the supernatant of cultured MΦ in different groups; *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, all experiments were repeated three times

Article Snippet: The concentration of IL4I1 in IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1MNPs was determined using a human IL4I1 EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit (NOVUS, NBP3-06773) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Transfection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Marker, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Cell Culture

Journal: Journal of nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Regulating macrophage phenotypes with IL4I1-mimetic nanoparticles in IDD treatment.

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03241-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 9 Effect of CHG@IL4I1-MNPs on MΦ Polarization in IDD Mice. Note: (A) RT-qPCR analysis of the expression of M1 and M2 MΦ marker genes in IVD MΦs of mice (n = 6); (B) Percentage of M1 MΦs in IVD MΦs of mice (n = 6); (C) Percentage of M2 MΦs in IVD MΦs of mice (n = 6); (D) ELISA detection of IL- 1β, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10 levels in the IVD of mice (n = 6); n.s. P > 0.05 for comparison between groups, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: The concentration of IL4I1 in IL4I1-NPs and IL4I1MNPs was determined using a human IL4I1 EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit (NOVUS, NBP3-06773) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Marker, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: Infection and Immunity

Article Title: Staphylococcus aureus Colonization Induces Strain-Specific Suppression of Interleukin-17

doi: 10.1128/IAI.00834-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: Suppressive cytokine responses to endogenous and exogenous S. aureus strains. IL-19 mRNA expression (a) and protein secretion (b) in response to endogenous strains (SA*) were increased compared to those in response to exogenous ones (SA) (n = 18 and 7; P = 0.05 and 0.03). No difference between expression levels and protein secretion levels of IL-27 (c, d) (n = 15,9; P = 0.42; 0.43) or Treg-associated factors FOXP3 (e) (n = 12; P = 0.51) and IL-10 (f, g) (n = 8,12; P = 0.29, 0.95) was seen. In each experiment, one endogenous strain was tested and compared to at least two exogenous strains. Each data point represents the FOXP3 or cytokine response of one carrier to one strain in one experiment. Lines indicate the geometric means of all of the data points in a column. (h) Ratios of cytokine responses to exogenous versus endogenous strains. When the P value is >0.2, ns indicates nonsignificance.

Article Snippet: A human IL-19 mouse IgG2B monoclonal antibody (R&D Systems) was reconstituted and diluted with sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and added to medium to final concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 μg/ml at the beginning of the experiment.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Infection and Immunity

Article Title: Staphylococcus aureus Colonization Induces Strain-Specific Suppression of Interleukin-17

doi: 10.1128/IAI.00834-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: IL-17 expression in response to recombinant IL-19 and an anti-IL-19 antibody. (a) Addition of recombinant IL-19 to PBMCs caused a small, insignificant decrease in IL-17 mRNA expression. Addition of recombinant IL-19 at 10 or 100 pg/ml to PBMC cultures stimulated with an exogenous strain decreased IL-17 mRNA expression compared to that in exogenous-strain-stimulated cultures with no addition (P < 0.0001). (b) Addition of IL-19 antibodies to PBMCs caused an insignificant increase in IL-17 mRNA expression, and addition of IL-19 antibodies at 0.8 μg/ml to PBMC cultures stimulated with an endogenous strain resulted in an increased IL-17 mRNA response compared to that of the endogenous-strain-stimulated culture with no addition (P < 0.0001). ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc analysis was done on all repeats to determine differences in IL-17 mRNA expression. (c) mRNA expression of IL-17 and IL-19 over 48 h in PBMCs isolated from one carrier in response to an endogenous strain.

Article Snippet: A human IL-19 mouse IgG2B monoclonal antibody (R&D Systems) was reconstituted and diluted with sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and added to medium to final concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 μg/ml at the beginning of the experiment.

Techniques: Expressing, Recombinant, Isolation